概念图导读：自然资源

视频中的文字说明：

1. Something from nature that people can use Water, air, wood, and minerals are natural resources.

2. A substance that comes from rock and soil Minerals are nonliving things.

3. The material from trees used to makepaper , furniture , etc .

4. Clean air and water is good for people.

5. Minerals come from the land.

6. Minerals are found in rocks and soil.

 建模导读。

视频中的文字说明：

Animals have many different kinds of bodies and skins.A bird has manys feathers on its body.It has two wings and a beak.

The wings help the bird to fly.

The beak is the hard part of a bird's mouth.

Many animals breathe using lungs.A fish breathes using gills on the side of its body.

All mammals have hair on their bodies.Some animals have fur on their bodies.

  2021年1月，建模者频道（Modeler.org.cn）发布了如下资料：

概念建模：描述了动物生活的地方有森林、沙漠、海洋、北极、湿地、草原 , 图的下面有对应图自然语言描述，读者可以对比概念图和自然语言，看哪个效果更好。

视频中的文字说明：

A forest  is  an  area  with  many  tree  and  plants.

A  rainforest is a  forest in an  area  where it   rains  a lot.

a  desert  is a  place that  gets  little or  no  rain.

An  ocean  is a very  large area  of  salt water.

The  Arctic  is an icy and  cold  place  near the North  Pole.

A  wetland   is  an area covered  with water  and plants.

Grassland   is a large,flat  area  with a lot  of  grass.

To  cover something  mean to give  it shelter  and  make it  safe.

 概念模型导读：为了方便读者阅读，本主题的CML模型（概念模型Concept Model Language ）如下：

文字导读：

1、BPMN was released by OMG组织，它is一种建模语言，它可以Create业务流程图。

2、BPMN have四种元素类型：

  1）流对象 is classify as事件、活动、网关，它是BPMN的核心元素；

  2）连接对象 is classify as顺序流、消息流、关联；

  3）泳道 is classify as池和道；

  4）人工信息 is classify as数据对象、组、注释。

3、BPMN支持三种基本类型的流程模型：

  1）流程编制（Process Orchestration）is classify as：

        a.公开流程；

        b.私有的可执行（内部的）业务流程；

        c.私有的不可执行的（内部的）业务流程。

 2）编排（Choreography）

 3）协作（Collaborations）

最近发现学习英语应该结合科学知识一起进行，这样的英语学习更加自然和吸引人。

下面这个视频很好，内容充实、英语清晰、讲解生动。

准备为其中的视频配上概念图，方便读者，如下是第八篇的概念图（CML）：

本次视频主要说的是地球的特征受到各种天气影响，对应的内容文字如下：

The weather can change the features of the Earth in many ways.

A flood happens when it rain a lot and the rivers and streams overflow.

A long period of time when there is little or no rain.The gets very dry.

An opening in the ground.

A crack is made when the land is dry.

The breakdown of rocks by the action of rain,snow,wind,etc.

When rocks and soil are moved by wind or water to a new place.

感觉这个概念图很难化，因为是多个层次，多个维度，抽象的概念。但是这个时候，才更有必要用概念图整理，经过整理，如下图：

概念图说明如下：

天气受到 雨水、雪、风的影响比较大。

雨和雪是 水的两种状态，风是由水蒸气引起的，所以风也是水的气态变化引起的压力的变化表现。

天气的变换最终形成了洪水、干旱、风化作用等改变地貌的原因。

欢迎有人来优化这个概念图，一起探讨复杂概念的梳理和表达方法。

概念建模，把植物实体与状态变化建模在一起，尽量用一张图画出自然语言的一个完整描述，读者可以对比概念图和自然语言，看看怎么用好。

概念图对应的自然语言：     作者：Jane，俎涛

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There are five stages in the life cycle of a plant :

1. seed : A seed will grow into a new plant.

2. seeding : Seeds sprout.

3. growing plant:Plants constantly absorb light, water and other nutrients.

4. flower: Plants flowering

5. adult plant : Fruit is an adult plant. It contains many seeds.

概念图导读：动物类别

视频中的文字说明：

A mammal is an animal with hair that gives birth to live babies.

A reptile is an animal that lives on land and has dry skin.

Any animal that can live both on land and in water is an amphibian. Amphibians have smooth,wet skin.

A bird has feathers and two wings.Most bird can fly.

An insect is a small creature with three body parts,and six legs.Insects have no bones.

A fish is a creature that lives in water and breathes through gills.Fish use fins and a tail to swim.

概念建模，描述了植物生长需要的阳光、空气、水和土壤，图的下面有对应图自然语言描述，读者可以对比概念图和自然语言，看看怎么用好。

视频中的文字说明：

A plant needs many things to help it grow. It needs sunlight,water and air to help it grow.

1、Sunlight comes from the sun. It gives the plant warmth.

2、We cannot see air,but it is also important for the plant to grow.

3、Water help carry food from the soil to all its parts.

4、Soil has food for plants to grow big and strong.

5、A plant needs space in the ground to grow bigger.

 最近发现学习英语应该结合科学知识一起进行，这样的英语学习更加自然和吸引人。

下面这个视频很好，内容充实、英语清晰、讲解生动。

准备为其中的视频配上概念图，方便读者，如下是第一篇的概念图（CML）：

视频中的文字说明：

A plant is a living thing that grows in the ground. It needs air ,water and sunlight.

A plant has several parts.

The root of a plant take in water and hold the plant in the soil.

A stem carries food and water through the plant. It holds the plant.

A leaf takes in light and air. Leaves help the plant get  food.

Plants have flowers.  Flowers make fruit . Flowers are very beautiful.

Fruit is the part of the plant with seeds. Apples and lemons are common type of fruit.

Branch is an arm-like part of a tree.

 业务流程建模与标注，包括这些图元如何组合成一个业务流程图（Business Process Diagram）；讨论BPMN的各种的用途，包括以何种精度来影响一个流程图中的模型；BPMN作为一个标准的价值，以及BPMN未来发展的远景。

UPDM 是OMG 组织发布的可视化的图形建模标准，用于美国和英国国防体系架构的开发，同时支持DoDAF 和MoDAF 两种框架，对武器装备的顶层需求分析具有十分重要的借鉴意义。

UAF 的全称是 Unified Architecture Framework ，由 OMG 发布，目的是统一 DoDAF 、 MoDAF 、 NAF 的架构建模。

   2020年12月，建模者频道（Modeler.org.cn）发布了如下资料：

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 PTC  integrity学习

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